ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka DNA methylation i hui pū ʻia me nā smartphones no ka nānā mua ʻana i nā ʻōpū a me ka nānā ʻana i ka leukemia me ka pololei o 90.0%!

ʻO ka ʻike mua ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa e pili ana i ka wai biopsy kahi ala hou o ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi a me ka maʻi i manaʻo ʻia e ka US National Cancer Institute i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka manaʻo e ʻike i ka maʻi maʻi mua a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻeha precancerous.Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he biomarker hou no ka ʻike mua ʻana i nā maʻi ʻino like ʻole, e like me ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, nā gliomas a me nā maʻi maʻi gynecological.

ʻO ka puka ʻana mai o nā kahua e ʻike ai i ka ʻāina methylation landscape (Methylscape) biomarkers hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka nānā mua ʻana no ka maʻi kanesa, e kau ana i nā mea maʻi i ke kahua hiki ke mālama ʻia.

I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻomohala ka poʻe noiʻi i kahi kahua ʻike maʻalahi a pololei no ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻāina methylation e pili ana i nā nanoparticles gula i hoʻonani ʻia e cysteamine (Cyst/AuNPs) i hui pū ʻia me kahi biosensor e pili ana i ka atamai e hiki ai ke hoʻopaʻa wikiwiki i kahi ākea ākea o nā maʻi maʻi.Hiki ke hana ʻia ka nānā mua ʻana no ka maʻi leukemia i loko o 15 mau minuke ma hope o ka unuhi ʻana o DNA mai kahi laʻana koko, me ka pololei o 90.0%.ʻO ke poʻo o ka ʻatikala ka ʻike wikiwiki ʻana i ka DNA maʻi maʻi i loko o ke koko o ke kanaka me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cysteamine-capped AuNPs a me kahi kelepona hiki ke aʻo ʻia i ka mīkini.

Kiʻi 1. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kahi paepae ʻike maʻalahi a wikiwiki no ka nānā ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa ma o nā ʻāpana Cyst/AuNPs i ʻelua mau ala maʻalahi.

Hōʻike ʻia kēia ma ke Kiʻi 1. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi hopena wai e hoʻopau i nā ʻāpana DNA.Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Cyst/AuNPs i ka hopena hui.Loaʻa i ka DNA maʻamau a me ka malignant nā waiwai methylation like ʻole, ka hopena i nā ʻāpana DNA me nā ʻano hui like ʻole.ʻO ka DNA maʻamau e hōʻuluʻulu mālie a hōʻuluʻulu i ka Cyst/AuNPs, kahi e hoʻololi ai i ke ʻano ʻulaʻula o Cyst/AuNPs, i ʻike ʻia ai ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka waihoʻoluʻu mai ka ʻulaʻula a i ka poni me ka maka.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, ʻo ke ʻano methylation kūʻokoʻa o ka DNA maʻi maʻi e alakaʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana nui o nā ʻāpana DNA.

Ua kiʻi ʻia nā kiʻi o nā papa 96-well me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kāmela kelepona.Ua ana ʻia ka DNA maʻi maʻi e kahi kelepona i hoʻolako ʻia me ke aʻo ʻana i ka mīkini i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā ʻano hana spectroscopy.

Ka nānā 'ana i ka ma'i 'a'ai ma nā hō'ailona koko maoli

No ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pono o ke kahua ʻike, ua noi ka poʻe noiʻi i kahi sensor i hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi ʻia ma waena o ka DNA maʻamau a me ka maʻi kanesa i nā laʻana koko maoli.ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona methylation ma nā pūnaewele CpG e hoʻoponopono epigenetically i ka hōʻike gene.Ma kahi kokoke i nā ʻano maʻi maʻi āpau, ʻike ʻia nā loli i ka methylation DNA a pēlā i ka hōʻike ʻana o nā genes e hāpai ana i ka tumourigenesis i ʻike ʻia e ʻokoʻa.

Ma ke ʻano he kumu hoʻohālike no nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka DNA methylation, ua hoʻohana nā mea noiʻi i nā laʻana koko mai nā maʻi leukemia a me nā mana olakino e noiʻi i ka pono o ka ʻāina methylation i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi leukemia.ʻAʻole ʻoi aku kēia biomarker ʻāina methylation ma mua o nā kaʻina screening leukemia wikiwiki, akā hōʻike pū kekahi i ka hiki ke hoʻonui i ka ʻike mua ʻana i kahi ākea o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia ʻike maʻalahi a pololei.

ʻO DNA mai nā laʻana koko mai 31 mau maʻi maʻi leukemia a me 12 mau kānaka olakino i kālailai ʻia.e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pahu pahu i ka Figure 2a, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻopili pili ʻana o nā maʻi kanesa (ΔA650/525) ma mua o ka DNA mai nā laʻana maʻamau.ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hydrophobicity i hoʻonui ʻia e alakaʻi ana i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o ka DNA maʻi kanesa, ka mea i pale i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o Cyst / AuNPs.ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻopuehu loa kēia mau nanoparticles i nā ʻāpana o waho o nā aggregates maʻi kanesa, i hopena i kahi hoʻopuehu ʻokoʻa o Cyst / AuNPs adsorbed ma nā mea maʻamau a me ka maʻi kanesa DNA aggregates.A laila ua hana ʻia nā pihi ROC ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka paepae mai kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ΔA650/525 a i kahi waiwai kiʻekiʻe.

Kiʻi 2. (a) Nā waiwai hoʻopaneʻe pili o nā hāʻina cyst/AuNPs e hōʻike ana i ka hele ʻana o ka DNA maʻamau (uliuli) a me ka maʻi kanesa (ʻulaʻula) ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi.

(DA650/525) o nā pahu pahu;(b) ka loiloi ROC a me ka loiloi o nā hoʻokolohua diagnostics.(c) Huihuʻi matrix no ka hōʻoia ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi maʻamau a maʻi maʻi.(d) Naʻauao, kikoʻī, waiwai wānana maikaʻi (PPV), waiwai wānana maikaʻi ʻole (NPV) a me ka pololei o ke ʻano hana i kūkulu ʻia.

E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Figure 2b, ʻo ka wahi ma lalo o ka pihi ROC (AUC = 0.9274) i loaʻa no ka mea ʻike hoʻomohala i hōʻike i ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe a me ka kikoʻī.E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ka pahu pahu, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi ka helu haʻahaʻa e hōʻike ana i ka pūʻulu DNA maʻamau mai kahi kiʻekiʻe loa e hōʻike ana i ka pūʻulu DNA maʻi;no laila, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka logistic regression e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā hui maʻamau a me ka maʻi kanesa.Hāʻawi ʻia i kahi pūʻulu o nā mea hoʻololi kūʻokoʻa, koho ʻo ia i ka hiki ke loaʻa kahi hanana, e like me ke kanesa a i ʻole ka hui maʻamau.ʻO ka ʻano hoʻololi hilinaʻi ma waena o 0 a me 1. No laila, ʻo ka hopena ka hopena.Ua hoʻoholo mākou i ka likelika o ka ʻike maʻi maʻi (P) ma muli o ΔA650/525 penei.

kahi b=5.3533,w1=-6.965.No ka hoʻohālikelike laʻana, hōʻike ka likelika o ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 0.5 i kahi laʻana maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻo ka 0.5 a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe e hōʻike ana i kahi laʻana maʻi maʻi.Hōʻike ka Figure 2c i ka matrix huikau i hana ʻia mai ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka waiho wale ʻana, i hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻoia i ka paʻa o ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike.Hōʻuluʻulu ʻo Figure 2d i ka loiloi hoʻāʻo diagnostic o ke ʻano, me ka sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) a me ka negative predictive value (NPV).

Nā biosensors ma muli o ke kelepona

No ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻalahi i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā spectrophotometers, ua hoʻohana nā mea noiʻi i ka naʻauao artificial (AI) e wehewehe i ke kala o ka hopena a hoʻokaʻawale i waena o ka poʻe maʻamau a me ka maʻi kanesa.Ma muli o kēia, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻike kamepiula e unuhi i ke kala o ka solution Cyst/AuNPs i loko o ka DNA maʻamau (purple) a i ʻole DNA cancerous (ʻulaʻula) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi o nā papa 96-well i lawe ʻia ma o ka pahu paʻi kelepona.Hiki i ka naʻauao hana ke hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hiki ke hiki ke unuhi i ke kala o nā ʻano nanoparticle, a me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lako polokalamu kelepona.ʻO ka hope, ua aʻo ʻia ʻelua kumu hoʻohālike aʻo mīkini, me Random Forest (RF) a me Support Vector Machine (SVM) e kūkulu i nā kumu hoʻohālike.ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona RF a me SVM ua hoʻokaʻawale pololei i nā hōʻailona ma ke ʻano he maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole me ka pololei o 90.0%.Hōʻike kēia i ka hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka naʻauao artificial i ka biosensing e pili ana i ke kelepona paʻa.

Kiʻi 3. (a) Papa pahuhopu o ka hāʻina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka hāpana no ka pae kiʻi kiʻi.(b) Kiʻi laʻana i lawe ʻia i ka wā o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kiʻi.(c) ʻO ka ikaika kala o ka hāʻina ʻokoʻa/AuNPs i kēlā me kēia luawai o ka pā punawai 96 i unuhi ʻia mai ke kiʻi (b).

Ke hoʻohana nei i ka Cyst/AuNPs, ua hoʻomohala maikaʻi nā mea noiʻi i kahi kahua ʻike maʻalahi no ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻāina methylation a me kahi sensor hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka DNA maʻamau mai ka DNA maʻi maʻi ke hoʻohana nei i nā laʻana koko maoli no ka nānā ʻana i ka maʻi leukemia.Ua hōʻike ʻia ka mea i hoʻomohala ʻia i ka DNA i unuhi ʻia mai nā laʻana koko maoli i hiki ke ʻike wikiwiki a me ka uku-effectively i nā helu liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi kanesa DNA (3nM) i nā maʻi leukemia i 15 mau minuke, a hōʻike i ka pololei o 95.3%.No ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻalahi i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka pono no kahi spectrophotometer, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka mīkini aʻo e wehewehe i ke kala o ka hopena a hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā poʻe maʻamau a me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana ana i ke kiʻi kelepona paʻa, a ua hiki ke loaʻa ka pololei ma 90.0%.

Nānā: DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05725e